Car Manufacturing Units of Australia and Japan Essay

Car Manufacturing Units of Australia and Japan - Essay Example During the time of federation, Australian states were symbolised as highly integrated economies, with only a few barriers to trade, except tariff. As Forster puts it, there were free flow of labor and capital as there were no barriers, and the economic institutions operated across a number of economies. Federation removed the barrier in between the states in Australia, namely, tariffs. With time, both political and economic union mitigated the influence of other policies, which might have acted as the non tariff barriers in between the Australian states. Thus, the combined effect of reduced tariffs as well as the harmonised inter state standards drew the Australian state economies closer to one another. (Irwin D. A., December 2005) Holden was a popular name in the car manufacturing industry in Australia in the 1950s and in the early 1960s. By the middle of 1950, Holden cars were exported into Middle Asian territories and Asia-Pacific. With the expansion in the overseas, this 'all-Australian car' was the nation's pride; therefore, it dominated the car market in Australia. (General Motors Holden, (1948 - 1976). Along with Holden, Valiant was also an important car manufacturing company in Australia during 1950 - 1980. Much of their popularity can be attributed to their unique models, engines, pacer, utility and drifter that made it a truly Australian car. (Valiant, n.d.) In the year 1980, the protectionist policies were discarded and the government of Australia opened up trade and market in between Australian and Japan. DFAT or Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade declared that Australia and Japan would be partners in multinational cooperation. The new government also intensified microeconomic reforms to coastal shipping and port in Australia along with reforms in the labor market, transport, energy and communications. Australian Government also aimed at strengthening the key bilateral economic relationships with other countries, with Japan being the most important one. At that time, Japan was also undergoing major economic reforms, and Australia encouraged Japanese Government to accelerate the reforms. Right at that time, Australian exports were also shifting to manufactures and services from commodities. (Downer A, June 1996) Japan also got the contract for manufacturing the popular car - Holden, and therefore, Japan started manufacturing Holden for Australia. In the year 1987, United Australian Automotive Industries was created to control the Holden-Toyota joint venture; the GM arm of it was named as General Motors Holden's Automotive or simply, GMHA. In the year 1988, Holden continued to demonstrate its leadership with the introduction of exciting car models incorporating engineering techniques, significant design and safety innovations. However, the joint venture was dissolved in the year 1995. (Holden History, n.d.) However, the market shares of Holden reversed after the year 2000. The shares dropped significantly in the year 2006 and General Motors announced job slash along with cut back production in the South Australian Plant. Holden also

Human Resource Management regarding Coca Cola Company Essay

Human Resource Management regarding Coca Cola Company - Essay Example The personnel management accentuates the transactional leadership style where the leader is not viewed as a job-oriented individual. In this style of management, focus is directed at set procedures, completion of duties, and punishment for not performing or complying with the rules. Human aspects like consideration, concern, lenience, and personal relationships attract less attention. Human resources management, however, creates transformational leaders. This style of management seeks to promote the sharing of business goals by both management and employees. This management is workforce oriented and shares the objectives of the business with its employees. The second distinction is that in personnel management the job plan is functional. Pay policies are not based on ability and information. The value in this management is based on the duties outlined in the contract only. The human resources management encourages workforce to view the pay as a motivation to improvement of job perfor mance. The job design focuses on teamwork, job rotation and enlargement as an approach created by the human resources manager. Third, the personnel management ensures that personnel strictly follow the contract of employment. This style of management allows no room for modifications or changes in the contract outline. The human resources management employs a flexible approach to the workforce that entails open contract agreements. The employees granted the freedom to choose working systems that suit them. This style ensures that the employees are free hence more input leading to the benefit of the organization (Ster & Koster, 2007, p. 6). This style is referred to as a win-win approach. The nature of relations is also different because in the personnel management the relationship is contractual. In this management one individual hires whereas the other one performs. The human resources management focuses on sharing mission and vision associated with the achievement of the organizat

Drug Abuse Essay Example for Free

Drug Abuse Essay Drug abuse has an effect on all aspects of life; overall health and wellness, family life, and the community. With there being so many different kinds of drugs the effects are endless. The effect of drug abuse does not discriminate or focus on any one person. Drug abuse can be found in any area of the world and the overall effects can be devastating to anyone involved. A person’s choice to use any kind of illegal drug or abusing prescribed medicines can have a damaging impact on their overall health and wellness. This damaging effect on addicts overall health and wellness can be both short and long term. An active addict can face many health changes and challenges throughout the time that they choose to use. There can be many short term effects that depend on exactly what drug is being abused. There are drugs that can raise your heart rate, make you hallucinate, and even dehydrate you badly. â€Å"The impact of addiction can be far reaching. Cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, and lung disease can all be affected by drug abuse. Some of these effects occur when drugs are used at high doses or after prolonged use; however, some may occur after just one use.† An addict can face many mental health issues during their addiction that can have a devastating effect on their own life. Women substance abusers are more likely than men to have poor self-concepts (low self-esteem, guilt, self-blame) and high rates of mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar affective disorder, suicidal ideation, psychosexual disorders, eating disorders, and Post traumatic stress disorder.† â€Å"Chronic use of some drugs of abuse can cause long-lasting changes in the brain, which may lead to paranoia, depression, aggression, and hallucinations.† The addict has a giant effect on their family and home environment. There can be many issues that a family must face when an addict is living in the home. There can be many forms of abuse in a home where there is an addict. There can be sexual abuse, financial abuse, physical abuse and emotional abuse in any home. The addiction is not responsible for the violence but can intensify and make it more common. When an addict is deep in their addiction they will often put financial responsibilities of the home off to get high instead. This can cause child neglect by no food being in home, no  electricity or heat. There can be consequences for the children living in a home with an active addict. These consequences may not show up for years until the child of the addict is grown. â€Å"The disturbed home and family setup, the inter-parental and parent-child conflict, parental neglect in large families, defective disciplinary techniques (too lax or too strict) and family disorganization ar e considered as some of the causes of drug abuse.† There is a higher risk of children of an addict growing up to become addicts themselves An addict has an effect on the community in which they live. This effect from an addict can cause problems for the entire community There is more possibility of crime and erratic behavior in the community where an active addict is living. A defining characteristic of addictive behavior is that they involve in the pursuit of short-term gratification at the expense of long-term harm When a person is under the influence of any drug they may not be fully conscious of the choices that they are making. When there is an active drug area in the community there is usually more violence and less desired living situations. When there are drugs in a common area that area becomes more prone to violence and could actually desensitize the people in the community When you have shootings, robberies, rapes, and murders in any area there will be less of a desire for anybody to want to live there. Conclusion In conclusion with their being so much drug abuse in today’s society where do we begin to help break the cycle? We have seen that the problem is a mental health issue that begins with the addict; however drug abuse has an effect on all aspects of life; overall health and wellness, family life, and the community. If we stop judging the addicts and making them feel so much shame and embarrassment, we can lift them up, encourage them and support them to better then it can change the overall hurt and damage that is being inflicted on our people and society.

Sir Philip Sidneys Astrophil and Stella Essay -- Astrophil Stella Ess

Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophil and Stella The literary fortunes of Sir Philip Sidney illustrate nicely the contrast between the Elizabethan and twentieth century views on imitation and originality in literature. Sidney's sequence of 108 sonnets entitled Astrophil and Stella which appeared at the end of the sixteenth century drew immediate praise from English readers who appreciated his "blend of wit and sensibility, of intellectual brilliance and temperamental ardour" (Lever 53); they liked especially the "directness and spontaneity" (53) of the poems. Sidney himself contributed to his reputation for sincerity with the immortal lines of first sonnet: "Biting my truant pen, beating my self for spite, / Fool, said my Muse to me, look in thy heart and write." Teachers repeat this good advice endlessly. I tell my College Writing students to use personal experience; one can hardly go wrong with early childhood memories because the material is pure--not yet contaminated with the clichÈs of what we are supposed to believe and fe el. Astrophil and Stella inspired literally thousands of sonnets and Sidney's admirers thought that he was greater than Spenser or Shakespeare. The idea that Sidney, himself happily married to Frances Walsingham, could be passionately in love with Penelope Rich and jealous of her husband bothered Victorian critics. How can one justify Astrophil's pursuit of adultery? Various excuses were made for Sidney: Elizabethan morals tended to be lax, it was Astrophil and not Sidney who was at fault, the marriage of the Riches was not what it should have been, etc. But the story of a passionate Astrophil who pursues the chaste Stella lost much of its appeal for another reason with the advent of historical critici... ... most insightful and intelligent persons succumb to rationalization--in effect allowing reason to switch camps. Or in Sonnet 71 we see how beauty and Virtue naturally live together in Stella; Virtue "bends . . . love to good." But then, again, all is lost in the last line as the flesh triumphs over the spirit: "But, ah," Desire still cries, "give me some food." The sequence never does reconcile reason and desire; it reminds me of the battle Paul describes in Romans 7. The last sonnet depicts Astrophil's psychological disarray, for he is unable to separate misery from ecstasy. Stella's influence upon him prevails so "That in my woes for thee thou art my joy, / And in my joys for thee my only annoy." Works Cited Lever, J.W. The Elizabethan Love Sonnet. London: Methuen, 1956. Nichols, J.G. The Poetry of Sir Philip Sidney. England: Barnes & Noble, 1974

Research-based Reading Program Essay

The Texas Reading Initiative has outlined a fairly comprehensive statement on the value of reading and the significance of infusing the habit of literacy among the young. Besides teaching/conducting a reading program per se, the quality, depth and integrity of such teaching methodology is equally important. This is the main reason why most reading advocates have bannered the discourse of a â€Å"research based† reading program rather than the traditional teaching methodology for teaching children how to read. It works on the emerging assumption that teaching the young is delicate enough for the reading teacher to adapt a research-based method. The paper on Components of a Research-based Reading Program, part of the Red Book Series by the Texas Education Agency, outlines the fundamental attributes of the recent development of teaching reading among the young. It is composed of a deeper understanding of the recesses of a child’s mind, its formation, development and predictable growth (Hilgard, 2001). Generally, the essential attributes of these Twelve Essential Components comprise an advanced understanding of adult-child training and communication: the Teacher-Trainer, the channel and the recipient (the child). These maybe the basic attributes of ordinary communication but an analysis of the paper can reveal that the communication framework is actually the basis of this research-based program, not to mention that the concept of code interpretation and language are involved and mentioned in that paper. The two ends of this communication curve, the Teacher-trainer and the child are the live working elements of this reading program, which makes the simplest components. What is generally interesting in these Twelve Components is the channel element and how the child decodes the communication. The paper frequently discusses the concept of language and how the child perceives instruction from the teacher, which is its whole point. This is the brunt/meat of the teaching methodology, where the paper discusses â€Å"opportunities† and â€Å"strategies† to aid child development. Such things are stated on the paper as to how to exploit the nature of the language channel, where educators strategically use the oral component to understand the written language-the act of reading. According to the authors, by the oral way, the child is directed into opportunities for appreciating sounds, its differences and â€Å"referents†, a concept used by linguists. They say that children may read aloud and â€Å"understand their building blocks† (www. tea. com), which we assume as auditory building blocks. This may imply that to reinforce one’s reading, one has to learn how to speak it first, using the auditory logic of the language’s construction, thus utilizing the nature of the child’s brain to absorb these â€Å"building blocks† into communicative memory (www. childdevelopmentinfo. com). And of course, there is the written format to contend with. This is where the recipient can visually decode using some of the strategies. Decoding in this context means visually playing with the language construction (â€Å"wordplay† as the paper says) through â€Å"blending† and what they call â€Å"word families† and writing patterns. On a lighter note, there is nothing new about the research-based reading program offered by the Texas Reading Initiative. The allegedly â€Å"new† methodology works much like teaching a foreign language to students in the collegiate level, but in the child’s case, localized and specialized for a kindergarten or grade-schooler. The same opportunities and teaching strategies have existed in basic foreign language class in university, and child psychologists seem to find it effective if made easier for children. Reference: Child Development Institute. Reading Improvement. Retrieved January 27, 2008, from http://www. childdevelopmentinfo. com/store/reading-improvement. htm. Hilgard, E. R. (2001). Introduction to Psychology. New York : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Online Associate Degree in Business Using an Associates Degree to Work as an Accounting Technician 2019

Accounting technicians, along with bookkeeping and auditing clerks, occupied over 2 million positions in 2017. They are employed in almost every industry. Positions in this field provide part-time and temporary work opportunities for those who are unable to keep a full-time work schedule. Working as an accounting technician is one of the many employment options after earning an online associate degree in business. What is an Accounting Technician? Accounting technicians have more specialized tasks than general bookkeepers. Graduates of online associate degree in business programs who work as accounting technicians may total accounts, calculate interest charges, and post details of transactions. They may also maintain a close overview of accounts and loans to ensure payments are current. Graduates of online associate degree in business programs may also perform more advanced accounting tasks, such as balancing and reconciling vouchers or checking for accuracy of account data. .u569c8359b547cd182659dcc763390439 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u569c8359b547cd182659dcc763390439:active, .u569c8359b547cd182659dcc763390439:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u569c8359b547cd182659dcc763390439 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u569c8359b547cd182659dcc763390439 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u569c8359b547cd182659dcc763390439 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u569c8359b547cd182659dcc763390439:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Colleges and Universities in Alberta, Canada Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education in Alberta, CanadaRequired Education to Work as an Accounting Technician According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, accounting technicians must have a high school education at a minimum. However, employers prefer to hire employees who have completed some college education, such as an online associate degree in business. Some accounting technician business administration jobs now require an associate degree in business or an associate degree in accounting. Many students are now choosing to pursue an online associate degree in business. Schools, such as the University of Phoenix, offer associate business degree programs specifically designed for working professionals that can be completed entirely through distance education. The Associate of Arts in Business at the University of Phoenix prepares students to either directly enter the work force or streamline into the Bachelor of Science in Business program. Qualities Necessary for Success as an Accounting Technician Accounting technicians should have a firm grasp on mathematical skills. Graduates of online associate degree in business programs must also be careful, methodical, and detail-oriented. Employers prefer to hire associate degree business students who are proficient in the use of word processing and spreadsheet computer programs. Finally, accounting technicians should be discrete and trustworthy as they may often handle confidential company information. .u288f78cffd5cf6067cc9a757b8f1ece1 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u288f78cffd5cf6067cc9a757b8f1ece1:active, .u288f78cffd5cf6067cc9a757b8f1ece1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u288f78cffd5cf6067cc9a757b8f1ece1 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u288f78cffd5cf6067cc9a757b8f1ece1 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u288f78cffd5cf6067cc9a757b8f1ece1 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u288f78cffd5cf6067cc9a757b8f1ece1:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Health Care Management College DegreesEmployment Outlook for Accounting Technicians The Bureau of Labor statistics predicts only up to an 8% increase in new job openings through the year 2018 for accounting technicians. However, because associate business graduates who work as accounting technicians are employed in every industry, there should be plenty of remaining opportunities for professionals who are new to a business administration career. Related ArticlesOnline Management Degree Program Work for Multiple Companies or Become Self-Employed as a Management AnalystAccounting Training Can Add Up to a Brighter Future for YouFashion Design and Fashion Merchandising Two Potential Tracks for the Fashion-Minded StudentEarn an Accounting Degree OnlineBusiness Administration Jobs Work as an Administrative Assistant with an Associate Degree in BusinessBuy and Sell Accounting Businesses

Communication Skills And Interpersonal Problem Solving...

In his research Atilgan Erozkan examined how communication skills and interpersonal problem solving skills effect adolescent’s social self-efficacy, the belief in one’s own abilities. Before the study begins, Erozkan defines how communication, interpersonal relationships, and self-efficacy relate. Communication is a crucial element in forming long-lasting interpersonal relationships, which is an important aspect in adolescents developing positive self-efficacy (Erozkan, 2013). Adolescents begin to acquire life-long interpersonal relationships in high school. The quality of these relationships is highly dependent on the quality of communication that occurs between individuals (Erozkan, 2013). The relationships that adolescents create have a direct impact on their self-efficacy when creating new interpersonal relationships and communicating (Erozkan, 2013). Before Erozkan discusses interpersonal problem solving, the topic of interpersonal competency is outlined. Th is is because interpersonal competency, the development of communication skills, relies significantly on being able to effectively engage and understand interactions (Erozkan, 2013). If competent communication skills are not further developed than messages being sent during communication can become misunderstood (Erozkan, 2013). Since interpersonal relationships allow people to influence each other any problems that arise can have a profound impact on an individual (Erozkan, 2013). Therefore, ErozkanShow MoreRelatedGender Roles And Attitudes And Their Implications For Well Being Around The New Millennium3650 Words   |  15 Pagesand others. There are different factors that affect a person’s emotional and physical state. 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